Starfish, sea urchins, and other members of the phylum Echinodermata are classic model organisms for studying developmental biology. These cell movements begin in the blastula and gastrula stages, described below. During embryonic (and later) development, cells move around, make contacts with neighboring cells, and receive the instructions that will determine their developmental fates. Animal cells are attached to one another by specific proteins that not only allow for cell recognition and attachment, but also send vital information from one cell to another to cause cells to follow particular paths of differentiation. In animal development, cell movements are essential. In plant tissues, cells are locked into place by the cell walls that they share with their neighboring cells, so cells don't move relative to one another. New, undifferentiated cells are produced by meristems in the growing regions of the plant later, these cells are signaled by hormone gradients to differentiate into the appropriate types of cells. In vascular plants, primary growth occurs at apical meristems, which are groups of cells specialized for cell proliferation. In an earlier lab you looked at plant development. Both slides are worth looking at, but the w.m. means that the slide contains sections, or slices, of the embryos. means whole mount, with the whole embryo placed on the slide. (We have two versions of this slide: w.m. (on the same tray as the early cleavage slide) Recognize the early developmental stages of starfish and relate these to key events in animal development.Compare and contrast fundamental mechanisms of plant and animal development.On this page you'll see a couple of microscope slides showing the earliest stages of animal development. Development is the process by which an animal makes its body.
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